Legal Basis

Research Exemption

Defined in §7(c), DPDPA 2023

Limited exemption permitting processing of personal data for research and statistical purposes under certain conditions.

What does “Research Exemption” mean?

DPDPA provides limited accommodation for research processing through the legitimate use provisions. Section 7(c) allows processing for publicly available personal data. For non-public data, research typically requires either consent or effective anonymisation. The research exemption does not create a blanket pass for academic or commercial research — it must be conducted on truly anonymised data or with consent. Rule 22 exemptions for research-archiving purposes provide additional but narrow scope.

Why does this matter for your business?

If your startup processes data for analytics, ML training, or market research, you cannot assume a research exemption applies. Most commercial research still requires consent unless the data is genuinely anonymised to the irreversibility standard.

Real example

A Delhi AI startup wants to train language models on customer support conversations. They cannot claim a research exemption on raw transcripts. They must either: obtain consent for ML training as a specific purpose, or irreversibly anonymise the conversations before use (removing all identifying information).

Common misconception

There is no broad "research exemption" in DPDPA equivalent to GDPR Article 89. Commercial research, AI training, and analytics require consent or true anonymisation — academic vs commercial intent is irrelevant.

Related terms